2003
World Naval Operational News Highlights
Overall, it is fascinating to reflect on just how correct open source intelligence stories were in 2003 in regards to what has subsequently transpired in Iraq. The stories NOSI covered described precisely the buildup of forces and logistics in theater, the evolution of the war plan, and accurately predicted the challenges the U.S. would face in a post-Saddam Iraq.
- Several recurring themes were identified throughout this year’s naval news stories, many of which persist from last year:
- Yet another navy running out of operating funds. The Canadian Navy will effectively take 2004 off, to rest and recuperate from the high level of operations it has been conducting in the Persian Gulf.
- Continuing piracy on the high seas, particularly in the South China Sea.
- The tension in the Taiwanese Straits between Taiwan and China, with China continuing to probe Taiwanese territorial waters with spy ships.
- The growing Chinese naval presence in the Indian Ocean.
- Territorial disputes over islands in the South China Sea, such as the Spratly Islands.
- Territorial disputes in the Caspian Sea, based upon oil drilling rights to the vast oil riches in the region.
- The threats terrorists pose to ships.
- The dangerous nature of submarine operations, evidenced this year by the mysterious loss of the Ming-class Chinese submarine’s crew, but not the submarine off of China and the loss of the decommissoned Russian November-class submarine while being towed for scrapping.
- Concern over the damaging effect that low frequency active sonar has on marine mammals.
- Concern that the decaying former Soviet Navy nuclear submarine force tied up at dock is having a damaging effect on the marine environment.
- Significant naval operations this year included:
- Coalition naval operations in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom.
- The most professional amphibious operations of the year were the U.S. First Marine Division’s drive on Baghdad and the Royal Marines 3 Commando Brigade’s (40 and 42 Commando) drive on Basra during Operation Iraqi Freedom. Interestingly, every available Amphibious Ready Group in both navies sortied for Iraq early in the year to contribute forces for the campaign.
- The continued joint operations against terrorism at sea lead by the Spanish Navy in the Horn of Africa (Task Force – 150) and the Canadian Navy in the Persian Gulf (Task Force – 151).
- The resumption of ballistic missile submarine deterrent patrols by the Russian Navy after a hiatus of one year.
- The continued right-sizing of the Russian Navy, with its at-sea naval exercising slowly increasing in number and size, especially illustrated by its exercises in the Indian Ocean this year.
- The use of amphibious ships by the French to quickly move peacekeeping troops into the Ivory Coast.
- The U.S. Navy’s introduction of the Expeditionary Strike Group, an evolutionary expansion of the Amphibious Ready Group, thus creating a far more capable power projection platform.
- The only ship-to-ship combat of the year was the continuing conflict between Sri Lankan and Tamil Tiger gunboats and a few brief skirmishes at the beginning of Operation Iraqi Freedom.
- The most significant operational naval news story of the year was the U.S. Navy’s abandonment of its traditional 6 month at sea deployment patterns of aircraft carrier battlegroups and expeditionary strike groups. The reason for this is the desire to be able to surge large number of ships into combat zones at times of crisis, rather than be constrained by what the fixed 6 month deployment patterns make available at the time of a crisis.
- The naval training story of the year was the replacement of the U.S. Navy training area on Vieques island, in Puerto Rico with a number of alternative training bases along the U.S. Eastern and Gulf coasts. So far, the U.S. Navy does not appear to be suffering ill effects from the change.
- The most strategically significant naval news story of the year is the near-confirmation by the U.S. that the Israeli Navy does possess a nuclear deterrent capability in the form of nuclear-tipped land attack Harpoon cruise missiles in their Dolphin-class submarines.
- The most significant personnel naval news story this year was the U.S. Navy’s success in obtaining more underway days in theater from its ships by forward basing and dual-crewing more of them.
- The most tragic naval news story of the year was the loss of life in the submarine accidents in the Chinese and Russian navies.
- The most intriguing naval news story of the year was the proposed naval blockade of North Korea, by a coalition of nations lead by the U.S., for the purpose of blocking ballistic missile proliferation. Will this blockade be implemented in 2004?
- The most humorous naval news story of the year was the formal committment by the Royal Navy to construct two new aircraft carriers operating F-35 aircraft; and then the near-immediate back pedaling as to their expected size and capabilities. Is the U.K. committed to building an effective aircraft carrier, or not?
- The most bizarre naval news story of the year was that Russia is considering the use of Typhoon-class nuclear ballistic missile submarines as tankers.
- The procurement story of the year is Taiwan’s on-again, off-again purchase of attack submarines and Kidd-class destroyers from the U.S..
- The most ignored story of the year remains port security in the U.S., or the lack thereof.
- The most surprising story of the year was the formation of a standing European Union naval force, which will always have an English, French, Spanish, or Italian aircraft carrier assigned to it.
- The most technically significant naval news story of the year was the emergence of working prototypes of unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) that promise to revolutionize naval warfare in the same way their counterparts in the air, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are revolutionizing warfare on the land and in the air.
- The most interesting naval experiment of the year along with the newly deployed naval weapon of the year was the U.S. Navy’s deployment of HSV-X1 Joint Venture during Operation Iraqi Freedom in support of mine clearing and special operations.
- The quietest naval story of the year was the continued tracking, by coalition navies, of cargo ships belonging to Al Qaeda. What is on these ships, where are they going, and what has become of them?
- The non-story of the year was the electromagnetic pulse weapon. After a big buildup of how they were going to be used in the “shock and awe” phase of the campaign in Iraq, they were never heard from again. Something to file away for the Next War?
- The most insulting naval news story was the Bush Administration’s attempted character assassination of retired Marine General Anthony Zinni, former CENTCOM CINC, who has been highly critical of the decision to attack Iraq and the handling of Iraq’s post war affairs???the administration should not confuse dissent with disloyalty???
- And finally, the naval news story of the year with the most potential long term significance was the continued rise of 4th Generation Warfare techniques in Iraq and Afghanistan. How will the US effectively address 4th Generation Warfare?
Statistics
In 2003, there were news stories linked to on 344 / 365 days – that is on 94% of the days.
In 2003, NOSI linked to 1,326 articles covering 1,221 news stories.
In 2003, 551 of these stories (45%) were related to the U.S. Navy, U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Coast Guard, or U.S. Military Sealift Command.
In 2003, 359 of these stories (29%) were background stories and 27 stories (2%) were historical stories.
The remaining 284 news stories (23%) covered the operational activities of 35 nation’s navies, coast guards, and marine corps:
Algeria, Al-Qaeda, Australia, Bangladesh, Brunei, Canada, Chile, China, France, Germany, Greece (Navy and Coast Guard), Guyana, Netherlands (Marines), India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Kuwait, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Zealand, Nigeria, North Korea, Pakistan, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, United Kingdom (Navy and Marines)
In 2003, 209,699 pages of information were read on NOSI by 90,017 users.
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