US Navy – Strategic Features of the South China Sea: A Tough Neighborhood for Hegemons

– US Naval War College Review – This article investigates Mahan’s methodology; applies it to maritime Southeast Asia, examining the sea and its islands, the South China Sea rim, ingress and egress points, the capacity of local sea powers, the underwater dimension, and crucial differences separating the South China Sea from other marginal seas; and urges those who do business in great waters to embrace this instrument for general use.

US Navy – Creating the 1980s Maritime Strategy and Implications for Today

– US Naval War College Review – While important differences exist, the first decade of the twenty-first century paralleled the 1970s for the Department of Defense and the US Navy…Revisiting the creation of the 1980s Maritime Strategy suggests opportunities for dealing with the antiaccess/area-denial challenges presented by China and others today.

Chinese Navy – The History of the Twenty-First Century Chinese Navy

– US Naval War College Review – China historically has been a continental rather than a maritime power, despite its more than eleven thousand miles of coastline and more than six thousand islands. It has more often viewed the sea as a potential invasion route for foreign aggressors rather than as a medium for achieving national goals, a tendency that has contributed to the weakness of the Chinese maritime tradition. This attitude had changed by the beginning of the twenty-first century. The remarkable growth of China’s economy beginning in the last two decades of the twentieth century, the broadening of Beijing’s global political and economic interests, and resolution of almost all border disputes with its many contiguous neighbors have contributed to increased attention to threats to the vital sea lines of communication (SLOCs) on which China increasingly depends.