Navy Lookout – The announcement of the Defiant-class battleship signals a sharp reorientation of US naval force structure, moving away from distributed lethality towards massed, concentrated firepower to address the widening magazine gap with China. However, the revival of such leviathans sits uneasily with a fragile US industrial base that has struggled to deliver even basic escorts, raising doubts over the programme’s deliverability.
Author Archives: Naval Open Source Intelligence (NOSI)
Navy’s Avenger Class Mine Hunters Have Left The Middle East For Good
The War Zone – The last four Avengers in Bahrain were carried off on a heavy lift vessel at a time of crisis, where mining the Persian Gulf could come into play.
Lincoln Carrier Strike Group Has Arrived In CENTCOM’s Area Of Responsibility
The War Zone – Assets continue to pour into the Middle East, including high-end air defenses, but there still hasn’t been a large migration of airpower.
Want of Frigates: Why Is It So Hard for America To Buy Small Surface Combatants?
FPRI – The United States is at a point where it hasn’t designed and built a good surface escort ship since the Arleigh Burke, at a time when its navy needs more and fast. The US Navy decommissioned the last of its previous frigate class in 2015 and is already retiring some of its LCS fleet after considerable operational problems. With no obvious small surface combatant to fill this gap on the horizon, America needs to figure out a new plan before the US Navy suffers from the same want of frigates as plagued Nelson.
Royal Navy Submarine Maintenance Recovery Plan launched
Navy Lookout – The Submarine Maintenance Recovery Plan (SMRP) was formally launched on 15th January.
Canada’s Pacific Fleet Commander Calls for Urgent Submarine Acquisition to Bolster Defence Capabilities
Ready Aye Ready – In a rapidly evolving geopolitical landscape, Rear Admiral David Patchell, the commander of Canada’s Pacific naval fleet, has underscored the critical need for expedited procurement of new submarines.
Hawaii Was the Greenland of the 19th Century
National Interest – James Holmes says that in the late 1890s, naval theorist Alfred Thayer Mahan made a compelling argument for the United States’ possession of Hawaii. Those interested in the annexation of Greenland might take note.
HMS Richmond to be decommissioned this year – Royal Navy down to six frigates
Navy Outlook – It was confirmed yesterday at a farewell Parade in her affiliated town of Richmond in Yorkshire, that the frigate is to be retired following 31-years of service.
French Navy Seizes Russian Shadow Fleet Tanker in Western Mediterranean
Naval News – On January 22nd, the French Navy launched an operation in the Alboran Sea within the Western Mediterranean Ocean, resulting in the successful seizure of the tanker designated, “Grinch”. The Grinch is tied to Russia’s “shadow fleet” of oil ships, helping the Russian Federation to dodge sanctions.
How Will China’s DF-27 Long-Range Missile Reshape the Pacific?
National Interest – James Holmes writes that there is much we still do not know about the DF-27 missile—but it is worth examining the consequences for the US Navy if the Pentagon’s claims are taken at face value.
US Boarding Russian-Flagged Oil Tanker Breaks Precedent: High Stakes on the High Seas
RUSI – If the US no longer abides by rules, how does it expect revisionist states to do so?
Trump administration aims at upending defence industry
Australian Strategic Policy Institute – Bill Sweetman’s view on the future of the US defense industry.
AUKUS Submarine Deal Might Be Near A Collapse
1945 – A retired UK rear admiral and former Ministry of Defence nuclear-policy director warns the SSN-AUKUS effort is at high risk because the Royal Navy’s submarine enterprise is short on experienced people, strained by low readiness, and struggling to sustain operations. Under the AUKUS “optimal pathway,” the UK and Australia are meant to co-develop and build a new SSN-AUKUS class for deliveries starting in the late 2030s, while the U.S. sells Australia used Virginia-class boats in the interim.
(Thanks to Alain)
Ships or Munitions? Clarifying the Discussion on Unmanned Surface Vessels
War on the Rocks – Beijing would be most afraid of losing the advantage it has today from its anti-ship missiles. Blunting that advantage with unmanned systems will require maximizing the benefits they can offer against anti-ship missiles while minimizing the drawbacks. Unmanned surface vessels that resemble munitions rather than ships would be the more effective tool to counter this threat.
The first step to unlocking their potential asymmetric advantage is to make the distinction between the two types of systems. A more precise taxonomy could clarify the functions that each type of unmanned surface vessel is meant to perform and help identify the roles that each should play in the sea denial mission.
Russia may begin first sea trials of Khabarovsk nuclear submarine in 2026 as Poseidon carrier.
Army Recognition – According to Izvestia, Russia’s Project 09851 nuclear-powered submarine Khabarovsk could begin sea trials in 2026 following completion of outfitting work at the Sevmash shipyard. Designed as a dedicated carrier for the Poseidon nuclear-powered unmanned underwater vehicle, the Khabarovsk was launched in November 2025 and has since entered mooring test preparations.
(Thanks to Alain)
Chinese Buoys Near the South Korea-China PMZ
Asia Martime Transparency Initiative – China’s deployments of buoys in the Yellow Sea add yet another layer to its approach toward managing disputes with South Korea while furthering its own maritime interests. Like many of China’s maritime activities, the buoys accomplish several things simultaneously: they increase China’s monitoring and sensing capabilities in an important maritime area; they assert control over a less sensitive but still disputed portion of overlapping maritime claims; and, importantly in the Yellow Sea context, they test South Korean reactions to inform future deployments.
Navy’s Top Admiral Wants To Tailor Warship Deployments To Specific Missions
The War Zone – While today’s surface Navy puts major emphasis on carrier strike group and expeditionary strike group deployments, driven by the resource realities and the global threat environment, the current Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) wants to take a far more flexible and tailored approach to sending his vessels on cruise.
Japan’s New Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Barrel Rolls To Evade Defenses
The War Zone – One of the many capabilities of the new SSM is the ability to spiral during its attack run to help evade close-in gun systems.
Royal Navy sends HMS Anson to Australia despite submarine shortage
Navy Lookout – Royal Navy submarine HMS Anson arrived in Gibraltar last week, her first stop after sailing from Faslane on 10th January. It was officially confirmed last year that a boat would be going to join Submarine Rotational Force–West in Western Australia during 2026.
The Trump-Class Batttleship: Spectacle Wins Out Over Combat Power
FRPI – Plans have now been unveiled for the USS Defiant, the lead ship of the so-called Trump class of guided-missile battleships. According to the concept materials released so far, this vessel would combine a sprawling arsenal of vertical launch cells, hypersonic missiles, and lasers with a forward-mounted 32-megajoule railgun. In other words, at a moment when American shipyards are struggling to produce sufficient numbers of current surface combatants, the proposed solution is to task them with building 35,000-ton “super combatants” packed with immature or outright nonexistent technologies.
Could such a ship actually work? What risks does it introduce, technologically and industrially? And perhaps most importantly, what would a return to battleships mean for American fleet structure and an already overstretched US shipbuilding sector?
Reviewing The Chinese Navy In 2025 – Part II: Submarines, Logistics, R&D
Naval News – In this second instalment of this annual Naval News review for the Chinese Navy (PLAN) in 2025 we will cover relevant events for submarines, fleet auxiliaries, infrastructure modernisation and, finally, experimental efforts.
US Navy Seeks to Proliferate Hypersonic Missiles Across the Fleet
Naval News – Statements by U.S. Navy Rear Admiral (RADM) Derek Trinque, the Director of Surface Warfare (N96) at the 2026 Surface Navy Symposium reveal the U.S. Navy’s intentions to spread the hypersonic Conventional Prompt Strike (CPS) missiles throughout the surface fleet.
No longer ‘experimental’: Navy to deploy drone boats this year, official says
Breaking Defense – After rounds of prototyping, the Navy is ready to deploy two of its medium-sized drone boats this year and even integrate one with a carrier strike group, according to a service official.
China calls Trump battleship ‘easier target’ amid mixed US reception
Defense News – U.S. President Donald Trump calls the vessel a new class of “battleship” graced by his own name, but China just calls the U.S. Navy’s latest concept a larger and “easier target” for its growing array of anti-ship drones and missiles.
U.S Navy’s Top Brass Unveils Additional BBG(X) Battleship Information
Naval News – During the Future Fleet Panel at SNA 2026, Chris Miller, the Executive Director at Naval Sea Systems Command, and Rear Admiral Derek Trinque, the U.S Navy Director of Surface Warfare (N96), Rear Admiral Brian Metcalf, and Rear Admiral Peter Small went in depth regarding the newly unveiled BBG(X) Trump-Class Battleships.
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